1	Welcome
2	Overview of Course The Primary Topic is REGISTRATION Musical Tastes General Advice on Registrations Learn by Listening Warn on Some Pitfalls Some Words to the Wise Actual Registrations You May Not Know
3	Great Music Is In The Ear of The Beholder Inspiration Does not Come From Worrying About What People will Think No One Has a Monopoly on Creativity It is Easy to be a Critic Do YOU Enjoy It
4	Paint Your Own Picture George Wright Jesse Crawford Leon Berry Sidney Torch Kay McAbee Al Melgard YOU
5	GW Quote “Less is More” Use Stops Like Spending Money Only Spend as Much as You Have To Save as Much as You Can So That You Have More Options for Subsequent Registrations Shutters Mostly Open – Fewer Ranks The Loudest Organist Does Not Win – The Cleverest One Does!
6	More Advice - LISTEN Plan Your Arrangements Record Yourself and LISTEN LISTEN to GW, Jessie and Compare to Your Arrangement LISTEN to EVERY RANK on an Organ Before Formulating Registrations LISTEN to Your Registrations – Is There Room for Improvement
7	General Advice Never Use Tuba Mirabilis or Solo Diaphonic Diapason in Full Organ Never Use Glockenspiel in Chords with Full Organ Save Post Horn for Accents, 2^nd Touch, and single note melody w/ full organ On Organs with 2 Tibias, Reserve the Use of “Both at Once” for Special Occasions
8	Good Ideas Wood Harp in Accompaniment Fewer Stops, Shutters More Open Plan Your Program - Vary Between Bright - Melo, Loud – Soft, Novelty - Ballad Imagine That You Are Trying to “Sell” the Sounds of the Organ Variety is the “Spice of Life” and Music
9	Special Considerations for Analog Electronic Organs Electronic Organs Start with a Tone Generator Makes a Broad Sound – Many Harmonics Each Stop “Filters” Unneeded Sound Turn On All Stops, You Hear the Tone Generator
10	How Allen GWs Are Different Actually Based on Samples of Every Pipe Not Based on a Single Oscillator and Filters True Pipe Organ Voicing and Ensemble Outstanding Specification Makes You Play Well No Rotating Speakers – No Mangled Sounds
11	Combination Pistons God’s Gift to Theatre Organists General Pistons – Set the Whole Organ at Once Divisional or Manual Pistons Set Only One Keyboard or Division Second Touch Pistons – Usually on Great, First Touch Sets One Manual, Second Sets Pedal and Accom, or General
12	Combination Pistons “Organize Your Pistons” A Good Test – Could Another Organist Use Them Use Solo Manual for Solo Combinations Bombard – Accents, and Contrasts to Great Great – Registrations you Use the Most Suitable Accompaniment Selections
13	Celeste Two Similar Ranks Slightly out of Tune Usually Almost Identical Sound Adds Motion Celeste Rank Usually Slightly Quieter String Celeste Flute Celeste Horn Diapason Celeste
14	Common Ranks And Their Uses
15	Tibia Broad Wooden Stopped Flute Strong Lyrical Trem Breathy Tapered at the Top to avoid Screeching Foundation of the Theatre Organ
16	Diapason Foundation of Classical Organ Broad Open Metal Pipe Less Prominent Trem Solo Sound Phase Shift Against Tibia Horn Sound at Single Pitch Trem Off
17	Horn Diapason Small Version of Diapason with a Bit More String Medium Trem Excellent for Accompaniment Foundation for Ensembles
18	Lieblich Flute Small Delicate Tibia Sound Exaggerated Trem Supports Ensemble in Accompaniment Can Also Be Wonderful Small Solo Sound
19	Flute – Concert Flute Open Wooden Flute Gentle Accompaniment or Solo Sound Very Similar to Flute in Orchestra Subdued Orchestral Trem
20	Clarinet Medium Reed Similar to Clarinet in Orchestra Subdued Trem Useful in Accompaniment or Solo
21	Oboe Horn Soft Horn Sound Similar to Oboe in Orchestra Subdued Orchestral Trem Useful for Accompaniment or Solo
22	Cor Anglais Type of Oboe Usually Kimball Mystic Delicate “Garlic” Spice Solo Sound Blends with Lieblich Flute or Concert Flute
23	Orchestral Oboe Buzzing “Color” Reed Sound Not Very Orchestral at All More Buzz than Strings Useful in Solo Combinations
24	Krummet Buzzing “Color” Reed Similar to Orchestral Oboe but More Harmonic Adds Brilliance to Full Organ but Not Obvious
25	Musette Buzzing “Color” Reed Similar to Orchestral Oboe but Somewhat more Melodic Adds Color to Ballad Combinations
26	Kinura Nasal Very Thin Very Buzzing Reed Excellent Novelty Sound Detracts from Full Organ (What’s wrong with the Organ?) Usually Used with Trem Off Used with Octave Tibia or Unison Tibia Can Be Used as Brass Accent Reed With Other Reeds if Post Horn is not Available
27	Vox Humana Whispering Soft Reed Exaggerated Trem Support for String Ensemble Adds Harmonics to Tibia Strange Sound in Pedal Does Not Compliment Full Organ
28	(Brass) Saxophone Similar to Vox But More Harmonics Complements Tibia Adds “Buttery” Shimmer Exaggerated Trem
29	Viole D’Orchestre Soft Strings Usually with Celeste Provide Soft Ensemble and Shimmer Blends with Vox
30	Violins Usually Louder than VDO Medium String Can Add to Ensemble Frequently With Violin Celeste
31	Tuba Horn Broad Foundation Reed Important Smooth Horn Sound Medium Trem Frequently Mis-Regulated in Attempt to Add Trumpet Sound in Small Organs Support for Full Organ Accompaniment Solo Sound Works with Tibia Can Add Ensemble
32	Tuba Mirabilis Broad Dark Horn Reed Similar to French Horn in Orchestra Striking Solo Sound Excellent with Trem On or Off Drowns Out Ensemble when Added to Full Organ Extends To Pedal Bombard
33	(Brass) Trumpet Thin Bright Reed Medium Trem Brightest Reed For Full Organ Blends and Supports Full Organ
34	English Post Horn Very Thin Loud Bright Reed Excellent Accent Reed Can Be Added to Full Organ for Single Note Melody or Final Blasts Should be Used Sparingly Overuse Can Be Irritating
35	Solo Diaphonic Diapason Huge Diapason Rank Excellent Solo Sound Drowns Out Ensemble in Full Organ Extends to Wood Diaphone in Pedal
36	Glockenspiel Bright Metal Bar Struck with Hard Metal Hammer Can Be Heard Over Full Organ Excellent for Counter Melody Single Note Melody No Chords Please, Leave That to the Band Organs
37	Chrysoglott Metal Bar Harp Struck with Soft Hammers Beautiful Truly Harp Like Percussion On Poorly Maintained Instruments Hammers Become Hard Sounding Like Giant Glockenspiel
38	Xylophone Wooden Bar Struck with Hard Wooden Hammer Can be Heard Over Full Organ Excellent for Accents Clarifies Rapid Playing in Large Rooms
39	Tuned Sleigh Bells Tuned Sleigh Bells Novelty During Holidays
40	Chimes Metal Tube Struck by Hard Wooden Hammer Outstanding Accent Very Useful in a Variety of Settings
41	Marimba Wooden Bar Harp Struck with Soft Hammers Can be Reiterating or Single Stroke Piano Like Sound in Accompaniment (Single Stroke) Magnificent Orchestral Solo Sound Can Support Xylophone
42	On To Actual Registrations
43	Hangnail Combination 1’ Tibia 5 1/3 ‘ Tibia 8’ Tibia, Diapason, Horn, Color Reeds, Strings 16’ Color Reeds & Strings Played in close full complex harmony (multiple notes with thumb “hang nail”)
44	Whole House 8’ Everything BUT Post Horn, Tuba Mirabilis, Solo Diaphonic Diapason 4’ Tibia 2 2/3’ Tibia 2’ Tibia 1 3/5’ Tibia (single note melody, roll up to notes)
45	Tibia 1 4’ Tibia 8’ Tibia (add 8’ Vox at times) Trems On
46	Tibia 2 4’ Tibia 16’ Tibia & Vox Trems On OR 8’ Tibia 2’ Tibia (Played 1 octave lower)
47	Tibia 3 8’ Tibia, Vox & Sax Trems On
48	Tibia 4 2’ Tibia 8’ Tibia & Vox 16’ Tibia & Vox Trems On
49	Tibia 5 2’ Tibia 16’ Tibia
50	Tibia 6 1’ Tibia 16’ Tibia
51	Tibia 7 Tibia 2 2/3 Tibia 8 With Trem On – Broad Lush Tibia with More Harmonics With Trem Off – Calliope Effect
52	Tibia 8 Tibia 2 2/3 Tibia 4 Tibia 8 Wide Variety of Other 8’ Stops
53	Vox 8’ Vox 16’ Vox Trem On
54	String 2’ Lieblich Flute (Tibia Minor) 4’ Lieblich Flute (Tibia Minor) 4’ String 8’ String & Vox 16’ String & Vox
55	Solo with Strings 4’ Tibia 8’ Tibia 4’ Strings 8’ Strings 16’ Strings
56	String Novelty Harp (4’) 4’ Strings 8’ Strings 16’ Strings (trem off)
57	Unique Solo 16’ Clarinet 2’ String (trem off)
58	Kinura Novelty 4’ Tibia 8’ Kinura (Tibia Trem on, Kinura Trem off)
59	Kinura Novelty 2 8’ Tibia 8’ Kinura (all trems off)
60	Single Note Ballad Combination 2 2/3’ Tibia 4’ Tibia 8’ String or Color Reed 16’ Tibia
61	4’ Tibia & … 4’ Tibia 8’ Trumpet, or Tuba, Or String, Or Color Reed, Or Diapason
62	Medium Ensembles Tibia 4 Tibia 8 String – Flute – Diapason 8 String – Flute – Diapason Color Reeds 16
63	Tuba Mirabilis or Solo Diapason Never Use with Full Organ Use as Single Solo Sound Use on second touch (Effective trems on or off)
64	Glock Novelty 2’ Tibia 2’ String Glockenspiel
65	Marimba & Xylo 8’ Marimba & Xylophone
66	Accent 4’ Tibia 8’ Tibia & Post Horn 16’ Post Horn Optional Xylophone
67	8’ Horns 8’ Tibia Diapason Tuba Trumpet Clarinet Played with Chords Trems on
68	8’ Tubas 8’ Tuba, Tuba Mirabilis Trems on or Off Tuba sound with a bit of Motion
69	Trem OFF Classical Effects Avoid Tibia as Regulator Usually Not Stable for Classical Sounds Some Tibias are Tuned W/Trem On, Flat with Trem Off Use Diapason Strings Flute Clarinet Oboe Horn 16’ 8’ 4’ With Trumpet 16
70	Good Luck and Have Fun!